We surveyed two artificial gaps (#7 and #9) of the subcompartment, and the stand around them, with double-cupped Barber-type pitfall traps (PT) ( Barber 1931, Woodcock 2005, Kádár & Samu 2016). Topsoil is deep, consisting of brown forest soil with pise texture and has no excess water. The forestry climate category of the subcompartment is hornbeam-oak.The elevation of the terroir is 200 m, with plain geomorphology. Everywhere else, the forest floor was covered with threads of Poa species and thin leaf litter. Only the gaps had understory, which was densely populated by turkey oak saplings and Rubus patches. The studied subcompartment was a homogenous turkey oak ( Quercus cerris L. The mosaic-like landscape structure of this region consists mainly of agricultural fields, permanent grasslands with anthropogenic influence (mowing) with natural vegetation, and forest patches. Our data collection was carried out in West Hungary, near the town of Vép in the Gyöngyös-plain (47.22750°N, 16.78917☎, 190 m a.s.l.). Therefore, our main goal was to conduct such a survey, focusing on the following questions: While there have been numerous studies dedicated to the comparison of pitfall trapping and D-Vac suction sampling regarding various habitats, there have been none – to the best of our knowledge – that compared the two methods regarding artificial gaps in forest ecosystems. ![]() Because of the reasons listed above, D-Vac suction is not as popular as pitfall trapping, but it is still widely used in entomological researches ( Samu et al. Finally, both methods are sensitive to undergrowth cover ( Sunderland et al. This sampling process causes more disturbances ( Sunderland et al. On the other hand, it often under-represents large and heavy species, and species that frequently occur under the soil surface, vegetation or debris ( Lang 2000, Elliott et al. In contrast to pitfall trapping, D-Vac suction sampling is considered to have relatively high cost and labour requirements, but it is far less sensitive to species activity and can provide a measure of arthropod density ( McCravy 2018). Nevertheless, pitfall trapping tends to represent the highest percentage of the surveyed taxa, including rare species when compared to other sampling methods, making it almost essential for inventory studies (e.g., Churchill & Arthur 1999, Cardoso et al. Furthermore, this trapping technique is sensitive to several external disturbance effects (e.g., Merrett & Snazell 1983, Topping & Sunderland 1992, Sunderland et al. This method is considered to provide data on the degree of activity rather than actual population densities of the captured species, and tend to over-represent large-bodied species and slightly under-represent diurnal species. Pitfall trapping is a passive sampling technique, as is suction sampling, in that they do not use any attractant (e.g., Zou et al. ![]() 2013, McCravy 2018), including forests and forest gaps. 1997, Woodcock 2005, Kádár & Samu 2006).īecause of their relatively cheap maintenance and low labour requirements, pitfall traps have been used to collect epigeic arthropods since the early 1900s in many habitat types (e.g., Lang 2000, Zhao et al. Two of the most commonly used methods for studying this taxon are pitfall trapping and suction sampling ( Samu & Sárospataki 1995, Mommertz et al. In order to assess the effects of artificial gap openings on forest ecosystems and on forest floor arthropods, ground-dwelling spiders are suitable study objects ( Wise 1993, Horváth et al. In response to this, the popularity of ‘gap-cutting’ techniques is rising, and they may become essential in modern, close-to-natural forest management practices.The employment of these techniques is still relatively new however, therefore our information and understanding regarding their mechanics is lacking ( Elek et al. ![]() 2008, Fledmann et al 2018, Senécal et al. ![]() Formation of gaps is a part of the natural regeneration process in temperate forests ( Brokaw & Busing 2000, Vepakomma et al.
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